What is the effect of having too much water pressure in a plumbing system?

Having too much water pressure in a plumbing system can lead to serious physical damage to the system itself, which is why the choice indicating that pipes can burst or leak is the correct answer. When water pressure exceeds the recommended levels, it places excessive stress on pipes, fittings, and fixtures, potentially causing them to rupture or develop leaks.

High water pressure can also lead to a phenomenon known as "water hammer," where the sudden stop of flowing water creates shockwaves that can damage pipes and valves. Additionally, appliances like washing machines and dishwashers that are not designed to handle excessive pressure can malfunction, which could mean costly repairs or replacements.

In contrast, the other options suggest outcomes that do not align with the effects of high water pressure. Increased water efficiency would be a result of an optimally functioning system, while lower energy costs and improved water quality are typically linked to proper pressure management rather than the adverse effects of high pressure. Thus, understanding the consequences of excess water pressure is crucial for maintaining a safe and functional plumbing system.