What does SV stand for in plumbing systems?

In plumbing systems, SV stands for Stack Vent. A stack vent is a vertical pipe that extends from the drainage system above the highest fixture to provide ventilation for the waste system. Its primary function is to allow air to enter the plumbing system, preventing the formation of a vacuum as water drains through the pipes. This helps to maintain proper drainage and prevents siphoning of trap seals, which can lead to sewer gases entering living spaces.

The stack vent plays a crucial role in ensuring that the plumbing system operates efficiently by allowing sewer gases to escape while enabling fresh air to enter, thus equalizing the pressure within the pipes. It is typically connected at the top of the main vertical stack, which serves multiple fixtures in a building.

Understanding the function of a stack vent is essential for properly designing and troubleshooting plumbing systems, making it a key concept for plumbing professionals. Knowing that the other options—like service vent, single vent, and structure vent—are not recognized terms in standard plumbing definitions, reinforces the importance of the stack vent in maintaining a healthy plumbing system.